This review from the journal Advances in Traditional Medicine (Springer Nature) describes the role of Resveratrol, which...

Summary of this review article from the journal Advances in Traditional Medicine (Springer Nature) explains the role of Resveratrol, a polyphenol phytochemical. (found mostly in red grapes and berry plants) in stimulating Mitochondrial Biogenesis (creating new mitochondria) and applying this mechanism to prevent and treat various physiological diseases as follows:

1. Main mechanism: Stimulation of the production of mitochondria. (Mitochondrial Biogenesis)

Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell. If the mitochondria are not functioning properly (Mitochondrial Dysfunction) leads to cell degeneration and chronic disease. Resveratrol acts as an activator through key chemical signaling pathways in the body as follows:

* Stimulates SIRT1 (Sirtuin 1): Resveratrol increases the activity of the SIRT1 enzyme, a gene involved in youthfulness and cell lifespan.

* Switch on PGC-1α: SIRT1 will stimulate PGC-1α (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha), which is a "Master Regulator" in ordering cells to create more new mitochondria. and helps the original mitochondria work more efficiently

* Stimulates AMPK: Helps increase energy levels in cells. and works with SIRT1 to control energy balance.

2. Good effects on various physiological diseases (Physiological Diseases)

The article states that Resveratrol helps increase and repair mitochondria. It has a positive effect in resisting and treating 4 main groups of diseases, including:

* Diseases of the cardiovascular system (Cardiovascular Diseases):

* Helps reduce oxidative stress in heart muscle cells.

* Increases the production of nitric oxide (Nitric Oxide), causing blood vessels to expand well. Lower blood pressure and prevent heart enlargement (Cardiac Hypertrophy)

* Neurological diseases and brain degeneration (Neurodegenerative Diseases):

*such as Alzheimer's disease (Alzheimer's) and Parkinson's (Parkinson's)

* Stimulating the mitochondria in brain cells reduces the buildup of toxic proteins. (Amyloid-beta) and reduces inflammation in the nervous system. Makes brain cells more resistant to deterioration

* Metabolic Diseases:

* Such as Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity.

* Resveratrol increases insulin sensitivity (Insulin Sensitivity), allowing muscle cells to better absorb blood sugar for metabolism. Through efficient mitochondrial function

* Cancer (Cancer):

* Although cancer alters the energy use of cells, Resveratrol can control the metabolic processes of cancer cells. Leads to growth inhibition and stimulates cancer cells to naturally die (Apoptosis) through mechanisms related to mitochondria.

Summary

This article points out that Resveratrol is not just any antioxidant. But there are properties at the molecular level that can "Restore the power plant of the cell (mitochondria)" to become stronger and more numerous. This mechanism is the key to effectively treating and slowing down the deterioration of chronic diseases related to age and metabolism.