A comprehensive review on the neuroprotective potential of resveratrol in ischemic stroke

Review of the neuroprotective potential of resveratrol in ischemic stroke.

Highlight

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Stroke outcomes are aggravated by secondary damage caused by inflammation and oxidative stress.

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Resveratrol shows anti-inflammatory effects. Antioxidants and resist cell death in ischemic stroke.

Resveratrol exerts neuroprotective effects in ischemic stroke via SIRT1 and Nrf2 pathways.

Abstract:

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and third leading cause of disability worldwide. 68% of all strokes are ischemic and 32% are hemorrhagic. Ischemic stroke (IS) poses enormous challenges worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective treatment strategies.

ischemic stroke It is one of the most serious diseases. The main functions of the nervous and immune systems, inflammation and oxidative stress. It plays a role in many complex pathways of ischemic stroke Secondary brain damage is caused by the early inflammatory activity that occurs after cerebral ischemia. This is caused by over-stimulation of microglia in that area. and infiltration of monocytes and macrophages circulating in the bloodstream.

Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol found in red grapes and mulberries Shows potential as a neuroprotective agent in cerebral ischemia. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the neuroprotective role of resveratrol in cerebral ischemia. Emphasis is placed on the mechanism of action and treatment potential. Resveratrol exerts its neuroprotective effects by stimulating the nuclear factor erythroid pathway. 2-Related factor 2 (NRF2) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). Stimulation of SIRT1 by resveratrol stimulates the removal of acetyl groups and activation of downstream targets, such as peroxisome proliferating receptor activator gamma 1 alpha (PGC-1α) and forkhead box protein O (FOXO), which regulates mitochondrial formation. Antioxidant protection and cellular stress response. Therefore, resveratrol promotes cell survival and inhibits apoptosis in ischemic conditions.

Moreover, Resveratrol also stimulates the NRF2 pathway, which is a key mediator of the cellular antioxidant response. Stimulating NRF2 through resveratrol increases the expression of antioxidant enzymes such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), which neutralize free radicals and alleviate oxidative stress in the ischemic brain. Overall, activation of the SIRT1 and NRF2 pathways It contributes to resveratrol's neuroprotective effects by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in cerebral ischemia.