Diagram showing the mechanism behind the anti-cancer effects of resveratrol. (at every stage of the disease)
Diagram showing the mechanism behind the anti-cancer effects of resveratrol. (at every stage of the disease)
Summary of anti-cancer mechanisms of “Resveratrol (Resveratrol)” covers all stages of cancer. From before cancer → early stage → advanced stage
Expanded explanation, step by step Using language that is easy to understand and linked to real biology.
Mechanism of resveratrol in cancer “all stages”
The cancer process is divided into 3 main stages.
Normal cell → Initiation → Promotion → Progression → Malignant cell
Resveratrol can act in all 3 phases, which is considered very outstanding among natural substances.
Phase 1 : Initiation
“Initial stages before becoming cancer cells”
What happened during this period
Normal cells are damaged by DNA.
toxins
cigarette smoke
Charred food
Radiation
Free radicals (ROS)
If DNA repair is incomplete → initiated cell formation
The Role of Resveratrol in the Initiation Phase
Regulate Phase I & II enzymes
Phase I enzyme
Change toxins → into carcinogens
Phase II enzyme
Helps remove toxins from the body
Resveratrol helps
Reduce the creation of carcinogenic substances.
Increase the elimination of toxins
Reduce the chance of DNA mutating.
Helps repair DNA (DNA repair)
Stimulates the DNA damage detection system
Increases repair efficiency before permanent mutation
Eliminate free radicals (Scavenging of ROS)
ROS are important factors that damage DNA.
Resveratrol acts as
Antioxidants at the cellular and gene levels
Reduce the risk of starting cancer from the beginning.
Sum of Initiation distance
Prevent cancer (Chemoprevention)
Very suitable for people who have not yet had cancer.
Phase 2 : Promotion
“The stage when abnormal cells begin to divide and increase in number.”
Characteristics of this period
Cells that have mutated
Not serious yet
but relying on
Inflammation
Hormones
division stimulant to expand the number
The role of resveratrol in the promotion phase
Stop the cell division cycle (Cell cycle arrest)
Cancer relies on rapid cell division.
Resveratrol can
Cells stop at the G0/G1 or G2/M phase.
Makes cells unable to divide.
Abnormal cells do not multiply.
Stimulates the death of cancer cells (Apoptosis)
Normal, damaged cells should “commit themselves.”
But cancer cells will
Switch off apoptosis
Resveratrol helps
Turn on the apoptosis switch again.
Stimulate caspase pathway
Increase p53 (tumor suppressor gene)
Cancer cells die on their own without affecting good cells.
anti-inflammatory (Anti-inflammatory)
Chronic inflammation = cancer fuel
Resveratrol inhibits
NF-κB
COX-2
TNF-α
IL-6
Reduce the environment in which cancer grows
Continuously resist free radicals
Helps prevent repeated mutations.
Promotion period sum
Slow down the expansion of cancer tumors.
Reduce the chance of developing full-blown cancer.
Phase 3 : Progression
“The cancer stage is severe and has spread.”
what happened
cancer cells
Grow fast
Create your own blood vessels
invades tissue
Metastases (metastasis)
The Role of Resveratrol in Progression
Inhibits the creation of new blood vessels (Anti-angiogenesis)
Cancer must create blood vessels to support itself.
Resveratrol inhibits
VEGF
HIF-1α
Cut off cancer's food supply
Inhibits MMPs enzymes
MMPs are used to destroy tissue walls to spread.
Resveratrol helps
Reduce MMP-2/MMP-9
Cancer cells cannot easily penetrate outside of the organ.
Inhibits EMT (Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition)
EMT is a process that causes cancer cells to develop.
change shape
Can move
Can spread
Resveratrol helps
Inhibits EMT signaling
Reduces spread to the lungs, liver, brain, and bones.
Reduces invasion and metastasis.
Reduce adhesion
reduce movement
Reduce implantation in new organs
Progression distance total
Delay the severity of cancer
Reduce spread and spread
Enhance the main treatment effect (adjunct therapy)
Summary of the overview in an easy to understand way
The role of resveratrol
distance
Initiation
Prevent cancer
Promotion
Stops growth + kills cancer cells
Progression
Reduce spread and spread
Summary of the most important
Resveratrol is one of the few natural substances that works across all stages of cancer.
Prevent first.
Slow down when it starts
Reduce the severity when it is already
Therefore it is classified as a group.
“Chemopreventive + Therapeutic phytochemical”